Advance Corporate Finance Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Advance Corporate Finance Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers 3/29/16 Advance Corporate Finance What is the problem faced by SRI? SRI Office Products Inc. is a supplier of national stationery products with a nation wide range of distributors. In 1995 SRI faced an issue with one of their main customers having a 14 month old accounts receivable account. Macdonald Stationery and Office Supplies Ltd as of September 1995 owed SRI $2.4million dollars and was heavily impacting their financial statements. These losses wiped out retained earnings and lowered equity 2% lower than their assets. SRI is facing problems such as their debt to equity ratio was 97% which led to banks refusing to extend its line of credit. Management is currently discussing a way to receive their money but having trouble deciding what way to execute a plan for McDonald's to pay them back 2. Evaluate financial statements of Macdonald and comments on its financial health. Balance Sheet Financial statements of Macdonald show us that the company is in very bad condition. Firstly, they have very low amount of cash on hand . In my opinion this low amount of cash on hand is really bad for the business. Low amount of cash on hand means they can't meet their future obligations so they have increase their cash availability to survive. Secondly, they have very high amount of accounts receivable on their balance sheet. In my opinion this is not a good news for the Macdonald Company. High amount of accounts receivable means they are not turning the revenue into cash soon as possible. They should decrease their accounts receivable much as possible to stabilize the business. Thirdly the business also has a very high amount of accounts payable on the balance sheet. In my opinion the reason behind the high accounts payable is the low cash on hand. Basically they don't have enough cash on hand to make the payments. The business has to increase the cash on hand to pay the accounts payable off. The Fourth reason for the Macdonald's condition is that they very high inventory amount on the balance sheet. In my opinion this high amount of inventory sends a warning alarm for the business. The reason behind the high inventory is that they are ordering more inventory while they have the old ones stocked up basically they should sell the old ones and then order it. The Fifth reason for the business's condition is the high amount of bank loans it has on the balance sheet. In my opinion this high amount of bank loans will send the creditors a message that they can't pay their loans. The reason behind the high amount of bank loans is that the business is borrowing more money to pay the accounts payable and they can't always do this they have stop. The last reason for the company's condition from the balance sheet is the negative retained earnings. In my opinion the company has a negative retained earnings because of high expenses, low sa les, and dividends payout. The company needs to increase sales, lower the expenses, and shouldn't pay out dividends for now. Income Statement The first reason for the company's condition from the Income Statement is the low sales that they are generating compare to expenses and remember they have high inventory. In my opinion low sales are bad for a company and they have find a way to sell all the inventory they have stocked up. Basically they have to turn these inventory into cash and increase the sales to survive. The second reason for the company's situation is the high administration expense they have occurred. The business has occurred high administration expense because they have brought a computer system that is not effective. In my opinion they shouldn't brought this system but they did so they use this system to their business advantage. The third reason for the company's situation is the high interest expense that they have in the Income Statement. Remember they have a lot amount in bank loan account on the balance sheet. In my opinion they have to communicate with bank and come up with new st ructure where they are charged low interest. The forth reason for the company's condition is the high

Mandarin Future Expression Using Yao and Hui

Mandarin Future Expression Using Yao and Hui The two auxiliary verbs, yo and huà ¬, can be used for talking about the future in the sense of going to do something or intending to do something. Consider these two sentences: WÇ’ yo qà ¹ BÄ›ijÄ «ng.我è ¦ Ã¥Å½ »Ã¥Å'â€"ä º ¬WÇ’ huà ¬ qà ¹ BÄ›ijÄ «ng.我æÅ"Æ'åŽ »Ã¥Å'â€"ä º ¬Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¥Å½ »Ã¥Å'â€"ä º ¬ The first sentence, using yo, indicates an intention to go to Beijing. The second sentence, using huà ¬, indicates a confident prediction of going to Beijing. Intention or Prediction The two sentences above can be translated as: WÇ’ yo qà ¹ BÄ›ijÄ «ng.I am going to Beijing.orI want to go to Beijing.WÇ’ huà ¬ qà ¹ BÄ›ijÄ «ng.I will go to Beijing (I expect I will go to Beijing). Yo is sometimes (but not always) used with a time expression to differentiate between want and intend. When used without a time reference, the only way to determine the exact meaning of yo is by context or clarification. Here are some more examples: NÇ  yo mÇŽi shà ©nme dÃ… ngxÄ «?ä ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¨ ² ·Ã§â€Å¡Ã© º ¼Ã¦  ±Ã¨ ¥ ¿?ä ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¤ ¹ °Ã¤ »â‚¬Ã¤ ¹Ë†Ã¤ ¸Å"è ¥ ¿?What are you going to buy?orWhat do you want to buy?NÇ  huà ¬ mÇŽi shà ©nme dÃ… ngxÄ «?ä ½  Ã¦Å"Æ'è ² ·Ã§â€Å¡Ã© º ¼Ã¦  ±Ã¨ ¥ ¿?ä ½  Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¤ ¹ °Ã¤ »â‚¬Ã¤ ¹Ë†Ã¤ ¸Å"è ¥ ¿?What do you expect to buy?Chà ©n xiÇŽojie mà ­ngtiÄ n yo gÄ“n wÇ’ shuÃ… .é™ ³Ã¥ ° Ã¥ § Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¨ ¦ Ã¨ ·Å¸Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¨ ª ªÃ©â„¢Ë†Ã¥ ° Ã¥ § Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¨ ¦ Ã¨ ·Å¸Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¨ ¯ ´Miss Chen is going to speak with me tomorrow.Chà ©n xiÇŽojie mà ­ngtiÄ n huà ¬ gÄ“n wÇ’ shuÃ… .é™ ³Ã¥ ° Ã¥ § Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦Å"Æ'è ·Å¸Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¨ ª ªÃ©â„¢Ë†Ã¥ ° Ã¥ § Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¨ ·Å¸Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¨ ¯ ´Miss Chen expects to speak with me tomorrow.

Business Plan - Keep My Heart Adult Medical Day Care, Part 4 Essay

Business Plan - Keep My Heart Adult Medical Day Care, Part 4 - Essay Example It will also infiltrate its operations throughout Fort Washington to sum up the strategy of grasping wider market coverage. While economists argue that new businesses should always start small (Mentzer & Moon, 2005), Keep My Heart believes in doing the right thing at the most opportune time. With that in mind, the fact that Prince Georges County has not been exhausted by similar entities would make it ideal for our centre to put a strong footing in the area before the coming of new competitors. Keep My Hear Centre will work with a team of self-motivated staff to offer two specific services after commencing operations. Primarily, the facility endeavors focus on Adult Day Care for persons suffering from mild or advanced dementia. The second focus will address medical and home care needs of elderly Alzheimer patients from the area. In that way, Keep My heart will have a varied line of offering vital services as well as creating a suitable platform towards achieving its profit making agenda. According to observations and practical experiences recorded by nursing homes, elderly patients are often faced by the challenge of poor attention from caregivers (Stahl, 2004). In addition, they usually find it hard to cope with life when the immediate family is always preoccupied by daily activities which they deem to be of more pressing priority. As a result, a good proportion of the aged persons end up with neglect and no sense of belonging. Keep My Heart has taken the mantle to work with referral health facilities and home-based caregivers through education and integrated community-driven support. In the implementation stage, the facility will offer an open chance for day care services with a sustainable model of patient stimulation, interaction and participation that would reach out to their psychosocial, physical and mental needs. The model will also foster appropriate socio-ethical development among the dementia and Alzheimer clients. The bottom line of starting

Hematology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hematology - Essay Example In the blood system, Pluripotent haematopoetic cells become any type of cell. The type of a cell to become is determined by pluripotent cells that differentiate it in a wise way. 1 Proliferation is multiplication of blood cells in a human being. When an embryo is being developed, formation of blood takes place in the yolk sac in aggregate of blood cells. Blood formation takes place in the liver, spleen and lymph nodes and development goes to advance stages. Eventually, the task of blood formation is taken by bone marrows in the entire body system when they develop. However, proliferation of lymphoid cells usually occurs in the secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes, spleen and thymus. In adult, haematopoiesis usually takes place in marrows of long bones like femurs and also in ribs and sternum where we have spongy bones. At times, spleen, liver and thymus recommence their haematopoietic function commonly known as extramedullary haematopoiesis. 2 Differentiation is a process whereby cells acquire a type in regard to haemopoiesis. During differentiation, cell morphology changes drastically although generic material still remain the same with some few exceptions. In many aspects of cell physiology, differentiation involves changes in regard to shape, metabolic activities, polarity, size, and responsiveness to signals whereas gene expression profil

Adolescent and Predictable and Unpredictable Elenents of This Transition and Associated Life-Stage Essay Example for Free

Adolescent and Predictable and Unpredictable Elenents of This Transition and Associated Life-Stage Essay Abdallah. Ayda Critical Reflection Essay Introduction Within the context of nursing there has been a significant change in nursing in the last two decades, where nursing and medical knowledge has led to changes where patients can no longer stay in hospital and reduction in hospital beds. Professionals who are employed in the healthcare industry are dealing with acutely ill patients who are in more need of care (usher et al 2009). As professionals we must discover the nature that is offered to us by responding and using reflective thoughts to enhance the important aspects in society (Lauder et al 2004). And qualified nurses, acknowledge and understanding is essential for their practice to remain current, continuous improvement in reflecting on our thoughts, and what we do becomes Habitual to our practice (usher et al 2008). It is a necessity for nurses to use critical thinking as it helps gather relevant information to assist practitioners in examining assumptions and identify relationships and patterns (Parker Clare 2000). We begin this chapter by exploring the concept of critical reflection and why it is important for a nurse, as well as provide an over view of the related legislation that requires the use of reflective thinking in practice by registered nurses, the next section addresses the Gibbs Cycle of what, why and overview of definitions of reflection. Nurses are becoming more aware of the need to utilize and improve their practice, as well as consider the political, social structure issues affecting it. (Taylor 2000). As changes are occurring with the nursing context it is essential for nurses to analyze and respond to different challenges. Initiatively, reflection is the foundation of organizing difficult situations when faced, it also is easily understood, if any problem aroused in the work place (usher et al 2008). John (1998), explains the description of reflection of when being faced with contradictions allows practitioners to assess, think critically and reflect on their practice. In addition reflection is a process which allows existence in acknowledge in the way nursing theory, for example can. Reflection is cognitive in relation to changes of things we do which is not a technique or curriculum element. See more:  First Poem for You Essay Reflective practice enables practitioners to learn from their experiences and what they do, how they do it, what they say in relation to their home  and work, in the significant of others and wider society and culture. Nurses who engage in some form of activity are set out by regulatory authorities indicate an adoption with the Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, (ANMC). Competency standards for registered nurses (2005), in the early 1990’s Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, (ANMC) had first adopted the national competency standards for registered nurses. Establishment of the organization was in 1992, to develop a national approach to nursing and Midwifery regulation. To ensure and deliver safe competent care, the (ANMC) worked together with the state and territory nursing and midwifery authorities (NMRAS) to produce national standard. In relation, to the AHPRA’S Scheme, which came into effect of 1st of July, 2010, the operations are governed by the health and practitioner regulation national law Act, 2009 (QLD) and each state and territory. In addition with the national scheme, responsibility was taken over for the regulation of nurses and midwifes in Australia, and taken ownership of the national competency standard for registered nurses. The minimum care standards for a nurse in Australia are the 4 domains provisions and coordination of care, professional practice, critical thinking and analysis, collaborative and therapeutic practice. The domains of reflections which also include self-appraisal reflecting on ones own practices by feeling and beliefs and professional development. The domains have all been set out for the nurse to reflect on practice, reflectively and ethically (Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council 2008a, 2006). Reflections a verb which means to reflect on one thought (Hancock 1999). This might recall what one thinks and memories in a cognitive act such as overviewing identifying error. (Taylor 2000). Reflection is an activity in the guidance of an action before it happens. (Francis 1995). Rolfe et al (2001), argue that knowledge for practice that does not come from text books or lectures. In addition they call it scientific knowledge that practitioners pick up from everyday knowledge, reflection is the process of theorizing about that knowledge. In consideration, of the reflective views of recognizing strengths and weaknesses and my education enables me to make positive changes to my future practice by using Gibbs Cycle model. Gibbs Reflective Cycle ï‚ · ï‚ · Gibbs model begins with asking what happened. What was your feeling? This allows me to think what accured at the time of event. ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · What was my role in the situation? What was I trying to achieve and what action to take? What was the response of others and what they thought? We move from the second stage of Gibbs Cycle. ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · What does this tell me about my patients? What is the model is model of care I am using? How is my attitude towards the patient? What should I have done to make this better? Final stage of Gibbs model. ï‚ · ï‚ · What do I need to do to make things better? Question myself about improving patient care; widen my knowledge to improve patient care. Conclusion: During my research I began to acknowledge the fact that critical reflection is essential in nursing to enable to look back words on errors made in the work place. Gibbs Cycle is the tool in reflecting back on thoughts and actions accomplished by nurses. If we look back on what we do and how we do it, high care of patient care can be monitored easily without causing harm in the work place. (ANMC) embraces all nurses and practitioners to engage in some type of activity to enhance reflective thinking as it helps in gathering relevant and current information as it is part of the legislation. I feel it has come to my mind that critical reflection it is an important tool on reflecting ones thoughts. Perception of my role: Critical reflection has knowledge me to look backwards and think of things we do. It has changed my perception of nursing as my knowledge expanded enormously towards my role as a nurse since commencing my university degree. I feel I have a responsibility as a nurse to follow the nursing and midwifery council scheme to remain current.

Student-Centered Learning Essay -- Education Students Educational Pape

Student-Centered Learning Student-centered learning is a broad teaching approach that encompasses replacing lectures with active learning, integrating self-paced learning programs and/or cooperative group situations, ultimately holding the student responsible for his own advances in education. Student-centered learning environments have a heightened advantage over the traditional teacher-centered, subject-centered environment in that they provide complimentary activities, interactive in nature, enabling individuals to address their own learning interests and needs and move forward into increasingly complex levels of content to further their understanding and appreciate subject matter. The student-centered learning environment has the student need satisfaction as its primary focus whereas the subject-centered environment has the transmission of a body of knowledge as the primary focus (Clasen & Bowman, 1974, p. 9). Student-centered learning, when used properly, can change the face of education into a life- long learning process in which the student seeks solutions to problems without complete dependency upon an instructor. The student learns to reason on his own to find a foundation for venturing out with successful experiences under his belt. The learning environment concept has been around for some time. Its roots can be traced back to "early apprenticeship, Socratic, and similar movements that have sought to immerse individuals in authentic learning experiences, where the meaning of knowledge and skills are realistically embedded" (Land & Hannafin, 1996, p. 396). As immigrants flooded the United States, educators sought methods of education for the masses and the creation of a universal, or national system. The fa... ..., Hill, J. R., & Land, S. M. (Winter 1997). Student-centered learning and interactive multimedia: status, issues, and implications. Contemporary Education, 68, 2, 94-97. Land, S. M., & Hannafin, M. J. (1996). Student-centered learning environments: foundations, assumptions, and implications. Proceedings of selected research and development presentations at the 1996 national convention of the association for educational communications and technology. (pp. 396-402). Indianapolis: Association for Educational Communications and Technology. Land, S. M., & Hannafin, M. J. (May 1997). The foundations and assumptions of technology-enhanced student-centered learning environments. Instructional Science, 25, 3, 167-202. Warmkessel, M. M., & McCade, J. M. (Spring 1997). Integrating information literacy into the curriculum. Research Strategies, 15, 2, 80-88.

Hrm Practices in Rmg Sector Essay

Acknowledgement: At the very beginning I express gratitude to my honorable course instructor Kazi Tareq ullah for his splendid suggestion, fantastic guidance, necessary recommendation, positive reinforcement, effective discipline, justice & fairness, recognition & rewards. His motivation power is also enormous for which I engaged my best efforts to prepare such a report of findings. I am proud to state that I got such a course instructor who was very much friendly with me. So, all thanks go to him as he extended hand for me wherever I needed. In fact, he made the course interesting to me and I can say proudly that I know something about different areas of business communication and organization analysis. I would like to thank to my classmates whose inspiration and co-operation helped me a lot during conducting the internship. Executive summery: In keeping with the vision and philosophy to be a truly strategic business partner to customers windy has made every effort to be involved at all levels of the business process. The in-house Design & Product Development team is backed with a dedicated sampling facility for fabrics and garments allowing windy to assist customers in their product development process and ensure a relevant and timely product for the market. Windy is set to be an integral partner providing a wide range of support and services across the entire supply chain. Windy’s 100% export oriented garment factories have a current annual production capacity of 5 million garments with a projected target of 15 million high quality garments. These combine the best of the indigenous features of Bangladesh such as easy availability of low cost skilled labor with focused investment in modern technology and qualified professionals. With strong focus on differentiated, innovative and value added products, the company has strengthened its design team and expanded its product development activities. With the trend–right products, it has been able to increase business substantially with the fashion forward customers. The company participated in international fair in many countries was highly appreciated by the customers which enhanced its reputation and increased its visibility in the international market. In the backdrop of quota elimination, uncertainties in the global market scenario, the company’s aggressive marketing team has been able to establish itself firmly to the customers as an important partner in the supply chain. Windy has invested in modern machinery and coupled this with superior technical expertise to ensure excellent quality in each of the 10,000 dress and casual shirts, 3,000 knit tops and 2,000 jeans and woven bottoms produced daily. The windy formula for success is to maximize the inexpensive skilled labor with management from a high tech perspective. Industrial engineering and work-study play and important role with software such as GSD & FMS used for data driven production management to maximize efficiency. The organization is managed by a group of top tier professionals specifically hired for their expertise in the various aspects of the garment production process. Regular training updates and technical inputs from visiting professionals and consultants equip all windy employees to excel in their areas and ensure top-notch product quality, value and service are received by business partners. In-spite these excellent facilities in fact, the company is facing tremendous problem in customer service. The Company can’t maintain its delivery schedule as required by the customers in most of the orders. In the bottom line, I do believe that the company has ample opportunities to upgrade itself by using all its resources, maintaining qualities, delivering goods to the customers in time and giving continuous effort to the overall customer service. We should always remember –â€Å" Continuous Improvement is the Road To Survival And Growth†. Contents – Introducton. 1.1-Introduction 1.2-Origin of the report 1.3-Rational of the study 1.4-Objectives of the report 1.5 –Methodology of the study 1.6-Limitation of the study -Background of the windy apparels ltd. 2.1-Introduction 2.2-Back ground 2.3-Management and organigation 2.4-Organigation chart -Human resource planning and policies of windy apparels ltd. 3.1-Planning and policies 3.2-Planning and policies figure -Job analysis of windy apparels ltd. 4.1-Job analysis 4.2-Job analysis method 4.3-Job analysis figure Recruitment and selection process of windy apparels ltd. 5.1-Recruitment 5.2-Constraints of recruiting efforts 5.3-Recruiting sources 5.4-The selection process 5.5-The selection process figure 5.6-Interview appraisal form 5.7-Reference verification check list Training and development of windy apparels ltd. 6.1-Training and development 6.2-Traning figure 6.3-Training approaches Performance appraisals of windy apparels ltd. 7.1-Performance appraisal 7.2-The appraisal process figure 7.3-Performance rating Compensasion of windy apparels ltd. 8.1-Compensasion 8.2-Types of Employees Reward 8.3-Service and Benefit 8.4-Safety and health program Disciplinary Action of windy apparels ltd. 9.1-Disciplinary action 9.2-Factors to consider when discipline 9.3-Funetion of disciplinary action -Conclusion and Recommendation 10.1-Conclution 10.2-Recommendation Referance Questioners- 1.1-Introduction: Administration is one of the important departments in the company to implement the policies rules and regulation. Administration department will manage the whole work process with the polices build up by the management of the company People working in the company are the greatest resource .Human resource department ensure the maximum benefit of the human working in the company and also ensure the maximum productivity by motivation. So in the company human resource department has a huge volume of influence to build up a better environment to work and maximize the productivity and company’s goodwill. 1.2- Origin of the report: This report originated as an academic requirement of BBA Program of Uttara University. After completion of the program period a student must submit the report on the assigned topic to the supervisor and to the department. I was assigned to project course on â€Å"HRM Practices in RMG Sector† for completing the program. 1.3-Rationale of the study: Theoretical knowledge is not enough for a student. It is essential for a student to acquire practical knowledge. This report is prepared for showing the windy apparels ltd and overall RMG sector. . According to fulfill the requirement the researcher has chosen to work on â€Å"HRM practices to RMG sector†. Therefore, this studies report is the outcome of an academic need as well as practical knowledge and the outmost and enthusiastic intention of the researcher under the proper and in-depth guidance of a highly experienced dedicated guide. 1.4-Objective of the report ⠝â€" This report is prepared primarily for the partial fulfillment of the BBA course requirement. ⠝â€" TO examine the RMG sector in windy apparels ltd. ⠝â€" To identify the main problems in RMG sector of windy apparels ltd and also its solution. ⠝â€" TO increase job satisfaction is essential for proper performance and good-labor management relation. ⠝â€" To make all organization programs an effective, HRM acts restlessly. ⠝â€" Finally to recommend some effective measures in improving the total system. 1.5-Methodology of the study: o Primary Sources ââ€" ª Face to face discussion with the HR.Manager of windy apparels ltd. Before sitting with him I have prepared a questionnaire ââ€" ª Direct observation ââ€" ª Other expert opinion o Secondary Sources ââ€" ª Yearly publication of windy apparels ltd ââ€" ª Relevant papers of financial statement ââ€" ª Some related information form the Internet ââ€" ª Other relevant books. 1.6-Limitation of the study In spite of my best effort , this study is not free from the following limitations: †¢ The time stipulated for the internship program †¢ Relevant papers and documents were not available sufficiently †¢ The authority has some policy for not disclosing some secret data and information which could be very much essential †¢ I am also less experienced in this regard. 2.1-Introduction: Established in 1999 the Windy group has expanded dramatically over the past 10 years and is today the largest and most diversified industrial conglomerate in Bangladesh. Employing 2,000 people including 50 qualified professionals and dealing in a wide of consumer and industrial products for domestics and global markets, Windy has fast become one of the leading foreign exchange earners in the country’s private sector. Textiles & Garments is the largest and fastest growing division of the Windy Group and presently accounts for half the Group’s business turnover and profit. The Group’s major investment continues to be concentrated in this Division. Among the variety of business, Windy Apparels Ltd ready-made garments manufacturing industry, which started its commercial production in March 1999 under the name of windy Apparels Ltd. Windy Apparels has successfully come a long way and proved its strength as a leading specialist in the industry for men’s high quality dress & casual Shirts and ladies blouses, trousers & dress. Since inception, the company has been growing steady. 2.2 – Background of the windy Apparels Ltd Windy Apparels Ltd is a situated in Rajendrapur, Gazipur, Dhaka. If has been established in 2002. There are 4300 employees work here. It contributes large portion of foreign currency exporting by ready made garments. Its total area is 38200 square feet and provides a good working environment. 2.3- Management & Organization: The over all management of the company will be vested with the Board 4f Directors. The Board of Directors will be formulated company’s policies & guide lines for its day to day business operations . The Managing Director will be the executive head who will look after the business affairs and other logistic supports of the economy. However Managing Director will be assisted by the managerial and technical personnel who will be the directors of the company. 2.4- ORGANIZATION CHART: 3.3 Vision windy apperals ltd. shall endeavor to excel in every aspect of their operation and thereby provide quality products and services to their customers. The organization will have a challenging and satisfying working environment so that the talents and potential of their human resource is given the full opportunity to blossom & grow. windy apperals ltd shall maintain a high degree of integrity in their business conduct and this characteristic will prevail in their dealings with their customers, their suppliers, their contractors, their financiers, their employees & indeed their entire society. 3.4 Mission Customer Policy: To always focus on the customer; because the customer’s satisfaction is their inspiration. Business Policy: To conduct the business with high integrity. Employee Policy: To nurture the best human resource through training & motivation. Quality Policy: To consistently developed high quality product to keep their standard above others. Environment Policy: To address environmental issues aptly & carry on their activities in line. Future Policy: To endeavor innovation to excel in every aspect of their operation. [pic] 3.1 Human Resources and Management Management and human resources management are one and the same. They should never be separated, Management is personnel administration. Management has the three jobs, two of which are directly related to personnel managing workers and work management is the process of efficiently getting things done with and through other people. HRD deals with the design of formal systems in an organization to ensure the effective and efficient use of human talents to accomplish organizational goals. There are many definitions about human resource management (HRM). One of the well known definitions offered by Michael Jucious (1984). He defined human resources management â€Å"Personnel management as the field of management which involves elements organizing, directing and controlling the function of processing, developing, maintaining and motivating a labor force†. It is process of acquiring, retaining, terminating, developing and properly using the human resource in an organization. Human resource management can be defined as a process of procuring, developing and maintaining competent human resource in the organization so that goals of an organization are achieved in an effective and efficient manner. Human resource management is â€Å"The policies and practices involved in carrying out the â€Å"People† or human resource aspects of a management position, including recruiting, screening, training, rewarding and appraising†. 3.2 Duties of HRD o Acquisition functions of HRD. o Developing functions of HRD. o Motivating functions of HRD. o Maintaining function of HRD. 3.3 Functions of HRM HR managers are performing a variety of functions. The functional areas of HR Management are changing as the time goes on. The main HRM functions include: 3.1- Human Resource Planning and Policies: Whenever windy apparels ltd is in the process of determining its human resources needs, it is engaged in a process we called human resource planning. Human resource planning is one of the most important elements in successful organization ensures that it has the right number and kinds of people, at the right place, at the right time, capable of effectively and efficiently completing those tasks that will help the organization achieve its overall strategic objectives. Human resource planning, then, ultimately translates the organization’s overall goals into the number and types of workers needed to meet those goals. Without clear-cut planning, and a direct linkage to the organization’s strategic direction, estimation of an organization’s human resource needs is reduced to mere guesswork. This means that human resource planning cannot exist in isolation. It must be linked to the organization’s overall strategy. The strategic planning process of windy apparels ltd is both long and continuous. At the beginning of the process, the organization’s main emphasis is to determine what business it is in the is commonly referred to as developing the mission statement. The mission of windy apparels ltd is to play a great role in economic development of the country. After reaching agreement on what business the company is in and who its consumers are senior management then begins to set strategic goals. During this phase, these managers define objectives for the company for the next five to twenty years. These objectives are broad statements that establish targets the organization will achieve. The goals of the windy apparels ltd is to contribute 5 % of total foreign exchange by exporting Ready Made Garments. After these goals are set, the windy apparels ltd begins the corporate assessment. During this phase, a company begins to analyze its goals, it current strategies, its external environment, its strengths and weaknesses, and its opportunities and threats, in terms of whether or not they can be achieved with the current organization resources. Commonly referred to as a â€Å"gap or SWOT ANALYSIS,† the company begins to look at what skills, knowledge, and abilities are available internally, and where shortages in terms of people skills or equipment may exist. The company must determine what jobs need to be done, and how many and what types of workers will be required. In management terminology, we call this organizing. Thus establishing the structure of the organization assists in determining the skill, knowledge, and abilities required of jobholders. 3.2-The strategic direction of Human Resource Linkage of windy apparels ltd is shown in the following figure mission Determining what business the organization will be in Objectives and goals Setting goals and objectives StrategyDetermining how goals and Objectives will be attained StructureDetermining what jobs need To be done and by whom PeopleMatching skills, knowledge, And abilities to required jobs 4.1- Job Analysis: Job analysis is a systematic exploration of the activities within a job. It is a technical procedure used to define the duties, responsibilities, and accountabilities of a job. A job analysis involves identifying and describing what is happening on a job.. accurately and precisely identifying the required tasks, the knowledge, and skills necessary for performing them and the conditions under which they must be performed. 4.2- Job Analysis Method: The basic methods that HRM can use to determine job elements and the essential knowledge, skills, and abilities for successful performance include the following: Observation Method: Using the observation method, a job analyst watches employees directly or reviews films of workers on the job. Although the observation method provides firsthand information, workers often do not function most efficiently when they are being watched, and thus distortions in the job analysis can occur. This method also requires that the entire range of activities be observable. This is possible with some jobs, but impossible for many for example, most managerial jobs. Individual Interview Method: Using the individual interview method, a team of job incumbents is selected and extensively interviewed. The results of these interviews are combined into a single job analysis. This method is effective for assessing what a job entails, and involving employees in the job analysis is essential. Group Interview Method: The group interview method is similar to the individual interview method except that a number of job incumbents are interviewed simultaneously. Accuracy is increased in assessing jobs, but group dynamics may hinder its effectiveness. Structured Questionnaire Method: Under the structured questionnaire method, workers are sent a specifically designed questionnaire in which they check or rate items they perform on their job from a long list of possible task items. This technique is excellent for gathering information about jobs. However, exceptions to a job may be overlooked, and there is often no opportunity to ask follows up questions or to clarity the information received. Technical Conference Method: The technical conference method uses supervisors with extensive knowledge of the job. Here, specific job characteristics are obtained from the experts. Although a good data gathering Method, it often overlooks the incumbent workers’ perceptions about what they do on their job. Diary Method: The diary method requires job incumbents to record their daily activities. The diary method id the most time consuming of the job analysis methods and may have to extend over long periods of time- all adding to its cost. These six methods are not meant to be viewed as mutually exclusive; no one method is universally superior. Even obtaining job information from the incumbents can create a problem, especially if these individuals describe what they think should be doing rather than what they actually do. Windy Apparels Ltd uses the individual interview method because it is an extensively interview method. When it involves in conducting the job analysis it follows the below items: 1. Understanding the purpose of conduction the job analysis: Before embarking on a job analysis, one must understand the nature and purpose of conducting the investigation. Recognize that job analyses serve a vital purpose in such HRM activities as recruiting, training, setting performance standards, evaluating performance, and compensation. In fact, nearly every activity in HRM revolves around the job analysis. 2. Understanding the role of jobs and values in the organization: Every job in the organization should have a purpose. Before conducting the analysis, one must understand the linkage that the job has to the strategic direction of the organization. In essence, one must answer why the job is needed. If an answer cannot be determined, then may be the job is not needed. 3. Benchmark positions: In a large organization, it would be impossible to evaluate every job at one time. Accordingly, by involving employees and seeking their input, selected jobs can be chosen based ob how well they represent other, similar jobs in the organization. This information then will be used as a starting point in later analysis of the other positions. 4. Determine how you want to collect the job analysis information: Proper planning at this stage permits one to collect the data desired in the most effective and efficient manner. This means developing a process for collecting the data. Several combined methods like structured questionnaires, group interviews, and technical conferences- should be used. Select the ones, however, that best meet your job analyses goals and timetables. 5. Seek clarification, wherever necessary: Some of the information collected may not be entirely understood by the job analyst. Accordingly, when this occurs, one must seek clarification from those who possess the critical information. This may include the employee and the supervisor. Failure to understand and comprehend the information will make the next step in the job analysis process- writing the job description- more difficult. 6. Develop the first draft of the job description: Although there is no specific format that all job descriptions follow, most include certain elements. Specifically, a job description contains the title, a summary sentence of the job’s main activities, the level of authority and accountability of the position, performance requirements, and working conditions. 7 Review draft with the job supervisor: Ultimately, the supervisor of the position being analyzed should approve the job description. Review comments from the supervisor can assist in determining a final job description document. When the description is an accurate reflection, the supervisor should sign off, or approve the document. 4.3- The steps of job analysis are shown in the following figure: Understanding the purpose Of the job analysis Review draft With supervisor Understanding the role of Jons in the Develop draft Benchmark position Seek clarification Determine how to collect job analysis information 5.1- Recruitment: After organizations have established their strategic direction and developed a corresponding employment plan, the organization must turn its attention to getting the right people. The jobs that have been identified and their associated skills point to very specific types of employees that are require. But these employees don’t just magically appear-nor do the frequently come knocking on the organization’s door. Instead, the company must embark on an employment process of finding and hiring qualified people. That process starts when the organization notifies the â€Å"public† that openings exist. The organization wants to get its information out such that a large number of potentially qualified applicants respond. Then, after several interactions with the most promising of these candidates will best demonstrate the skills, knowledge, and abilities to successfully perform the job. So Recruiting is the discovering of potential applicants for actual or anticipated organizational vacancies. 5.2- Constraints of Recruiting Efforts: While the ideal recruitment effort will bring in a satisfactory number of qualified applicants who will take the job if it is offered, the realities cannot be ignored. For example, the pool of qualified applicants may not include the â€Å"best† candidates; or the â€Å"best† candidate may not want to be employed by the organization. These and other constraints on recruiting efforts limit human resource recruiters’ freedom to recruit and select a candidate of their choice. However, we can narrow our focus by suggesting five specific constraints. 1. Image of the organization: We noted that the prospective candidate may not be interested in pursuing job opportunities in the particular organization. The image of the organization, therefore, should be considered a potential constraint. If that image is perceived to be low, the likelihood of attracting a large number of applicants is reduced. 2. Attractiveness of the job: If the position to be filled is an unattractive job, recruiting a large and qualified pool of applicants will be difficult. In recent years, for instance, many employers have been complaining about the difficulty of finding suitably qualified individuals for manual labor positions. In a job market where unemployment rates are low, and where a wide range of opportunities exists creating competition for these workers, a shortage results. 3. Internal organizational Policies: Internal organizational policies, such as â€Å"promote from within wherever possible,† may give priority to individuals inside the oth er than the lowest level entry positions, will be filled from within the ranks. Although this is promising once one is hired, it may reduce the number of applications. 4. Government Influence: The government’s influence in the recruiting process should not be overlooked. An employer can no longer seek out preferred individuals based  on non-job-related factors such as physical appearance, sex, or religious background. 5. Recruiting Costs: The last constraint, but certainly not lowest in priority, is one that centers on recruiting costs. Recruiting efforts by an organization are expensive. Sometimes continuing a search for long periods of time is not possible because of budget restrictions. 5.3- Recruiting Sources: Recruiting is more likely to achieve its objectives if recruiting sources reflect the type of position to be filled. Certain recruiting sources are more effective than others for filling certain types of jobs. a) The Internal Search: Windy apparels ltd will attempt to develop their own employees for positions beyond the lowest level. These can occur through an internal search of current employees, who have bid for the job, been identified through the organization’s human resource management system, or even been by a fellow employee. The advantages of such searches-a â€Å"promote from within wherever possible† policy- are: †¢ It is good public relations. †¢ It builds morale. †¢ It encourages good individual who are ambitious. †¢ It improves the probability of a good selection, since information on the individual’s performance is readily available. †¢ It is less costly than going outside to recruit. †¢ Those chosen internally already know the organization. †¢ When carefully planned, promoting from within can also act as a training device for developing middle- and top level managers. B) Employee Referrals/Recommendations: Sometimes windy apparels ltd recruits individuals who will perform effectively on the job is a recommendation from a current employee. Because employees rarely recommend someone unless they believe that the individual can perform adequately. Such a recommendation reflects on the recommender, and even someone’s reputation is at stake. Employee referrals also may have acquired more accurate information about their potential jobs. C) The external searches: Besides these windy apparels ltd is looking employees by the external searches for recruitment. These are discussed below 1. Advertisements: Windy apparels ltd gives advertisement various types of newspaper and wallpapers for employees it needs because it is large medium by which the news can reach maximum people. Besides these, windy apparels ltd sometimes recruits employees from various Schools, Colleges, and Universities, Professional Organizations, Cyberspace recruiting a unsolicited applicants. 5.4-The Selection Process: Selection activities typically follow a standard pattern, beginning with an initial screening interview and concluding with the employment decision. The selection process typically consists of eight steps: 1. Initial screening interview 2. Completing the4 application form, 3. Employment tests 4. Comprehensive interview, 5. Background investigation, 6. A conditional job offer, 7. Medical or physical examination and 8. The permanent job offer. Each step represents a decision point requiring some affirmative feedback for the process to continue. Each step in the process seeks to expand the organization’s knowledge about the applicant’s background, abilities and motivation and it increases the information from which decision makers will make their predictions and final choice. 5.5- The Selection Process in the following figure: Failed to meet minimum qualifications Passed Failed to complete application or failed job specifications Failed test impress interviewer Passed Passed Failed to impress interviewer Problems uncounted Passed Unfit to do essential Elements of job Able to perform Essential elements of job The Windy apparels ltd firstly prepare to initiate a primarily review of potentially acceptable candidates by two steps as (i) the screening of inquires and (ii) The provision of screening interviews. After completing the initiate screening applicants are asked to complete the organization’s application form. It required information about candidates present/ permanent address, candidates profile, job performance etc. When the candidate passes it, he is then given for employment test. In this point candidates are shown on intelligence, aptitude, ability and interest test  to provide major input to the selection process. After that candidates are given comprehensive interview. This interview is designed to probe areas such as assessing one’s motivation, ability to work under pressure, and ability to fit in with the organization. The next step in to undertake background investigation of the applicants who appear to offer potential as employees. This includes contacting former employers to confirm the candidates work record and to obtain their appraisal of his/her performance, other job related and personal performances, verifying educational qualification shown on application. If the candidates passes this, it is typically customary for a conditional job offer to be made. The conditional job offer implies is that if everything is okay- passing a certain medical, physical or substance abuse test. The next to last is the selection process may consist of having applicant may taka a medical/physical examination. Because a candidates has to perform a variety of activities that require a certain physical condition. Those individuals who perform successfully in the proceeding steps are now considered to be eligible to receive the employment offer. The procedures of selections process of windy apparels ltd are shown in the following- 5.6- Windy Apparels Ltd. Rajendrapur, Sreepur Gazipur.. Windy Apparels Ltd. Rajendrapur, Sreepur Gazipur. 3.7 Selection Procedures of EXIM Bank The selection process in Exim is not different from what is practiced in most organization starts with initial screening of CV’s goes on to written test and then a final interview before selecting the person. Selection decision can result in one of the four possible out comes. Two of these outcomes are right decision and two are wrong decision. | |Decision | | |Accept |Reject | |Letter of job performance |Successful |Correct decision |Reject error | | |Unsuccessful |Accept error |Correct decision | The current selection process in EXIM bank is described below: ââ€" ª Initial Screening: The process starts with initial screening choosing from the CV’s that fulfill the specific requirements. After a vacancy is announced and CV’s are already collected from different source, the Bank starts the initial screening process .then called for written test. ââ€" ª Termination: If any employee are out of the job in some cases is called termination. There are certain circumstances where-even through complaint is within jurisdiction the company can dismiss him without considering its merits. This is some time called early termination. ââ€" ª Termination Process of windy apperals Ltd.: The company any terminate the service of permanent employee by giving him/her notice in writing or salary in lieu therefore the period on under. 120 Days notice in case of subordinate staff or salary in lieu thereof. 90 Days notice for all other grades or salaries in lieu thereof. have during probation the Management may terminate the employee at any time without notice. The authority to terminate an employee of the grades from junior officer to Executive Vice President Lies with the Managing Director while that of Senior Executive Vice President and above can only be exercised by the Board of Directors. ââ€" ª Dismissal: An employee will be dismissed from the company service if he or she is guilty of misconduct or whatsoever according to the report of the enquiry committee the concerned dismissed employee will get only the own contribution of his/her provident fund. ââ€" ª Discharge on medical Ground: If an employee is incapable to continue his/her service for continues ill health mental abnormality and disorder, then the management discharge him/her from service on medical ground. He/She may be paid a ex-gratuity with other benefit with the approval of the Managing Director. 6.1 – Training and Development : Training is a learning experience in that it seeks a relatively permanent change in an individual that will improve the ability to perform on the job. We typically say training can involve the changing of skills, knowledge, attitudes, or behavior. It may mean changing what employees know, how they work, their attitudes to ward their work, or their interaction with their coworkers or supervisor. For our purposes, we will differentiate between employee training and employee development for one particular reason. Although both are similar in the methods used to affect learning, their time frames differ. Training is more present day oriented; its focus is on individual’s current jobs, enhancing those specific skills and abilities to immediately perform their jobs. 6.2- The training needs are shown in the following figure: 6.3- Training Approaches: The most widely used training methods take place on the job. The popularity of these methods can be attributed to their simplicity and the impression that they are less costly to operate. On the job training: Places the employees in actual work situations and makes them appear to be immediately productive. It is learning by doing, for jobs that either are difficult to simulate or can be learned quickly by watching and doing, on-the-job training makes sense. Off the Job Training: Off the job training covers a number of techniques classroom lectures, films, demonstrations, case studies and other simulation exercises, and programmed instruction. The facilities needed for each technique vary from a small, makeshift classroom to an elaborate development center with large lecture halls, supplemented by small conference rooms with sophisticated instruction technology equipment. 6.4- Career Development: 1. The responsibility for managing a career belongs to the individual. The organization’s role is to provide assistance and information to the employee, but is not responsible for growing an employee’s career. 2. A career is a sequence of positions occupied by a person during a course of a lifetime. 3. Career development from an organizational standpoint involves tracking career paths and developing career ladders. From an individual perspective, career development focuses on assisting individuals in identifying their major career goals and to determining what they need to do to achieve these goals. 4. The main distinction between career development and employee development lies in their time frames. Career development focuses on the long-range career effectiveness and success of organisational  personnel. Employee development focuses on more of the immediate and intermediate time frames 5. Career development is valuable to an organization t; because it (1) ensures needed talent will be avail- able; (2) improves the organization’s ability Jo attract and retain high-talent employees; (3) ensures that minorities and women get opportunities for growth and development; (4) reduces employee frustration; (5) enhances cultural diversity; (6) assists in implementing quality; and (7) promotes organization: goodwill. 6. The five stages in a career are exploration, establishment, mid-career, late-career, and decline. 7. The Holland Vocational Preferences are realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional. 8. Typology focuses on personality dimensions including extroversion-introversion; sensing-intuition; thinking-feeling: and judgirig- perceiving These four â€Å"pairs† can be combined into i(i different combination profiles. With this information, personality of jobs can be matched to personality of individuals. Some suggestions for managing your career include; U.) Select your first job judiciously; (2) do good work; (3) present the right image; (4) learn the power structure; (5) gain control of organizational resources; (6) stay visible; (7) don’t stay too long in your first job; (8) find a mentor; (9) support your boss; OO) stay mobile; (11) think laterally; (12) think of your career in terms of skills you’re acquiring and continue upgradiiu and 03) work harder than ever a developing a network. 3.9 Management Development of windy apperals ltd a. On the Job Development: †¢ Coaching. †¢ Under Study. b. Off the Job Development: †¢ Committee Assignment. †¢ Job Rotation. †¢ Sensitivity Training. †¢ Transactional Analysis. †¢ Training within the company. †¢ Training outside the company. †¢ Lecture Courses. †¢ Simulation Exercise. c. Workers Development: †¢ Coaching. †¢ Under Study. †¢ Committee Assignment. 3.10 Motivation Function of HRD of windy apperals Ltd. Motivation is the willingness to do something and is conditioned by their actions ability to satisfy same need for the individual windy apperals Ltd. Motivation process of windy apperals Ltd. †¢ Unsatisfied Need †¢ Tension †¢ Dives †¢ Search Behavior †¢ Goat Achievement †¢ Need Satisfaction †¢ Of Tension †¢ Job Design. †¢ Performance Evaluation †¢ Rewards †¢ Job Evaluation †¢ Compensation / Benefit †¢ Discipline 7.1-Performance Appraisals: Performance evolutions are an integral part of most organizations. Properly developed and implemented, the performance appraisal process can help an organization achieve its goals by developing productive employees. Although there are many types of performance evalution systems, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, we must be aware of the legal implications that arise. EEO laws require organizations to have HRM practices that are bias free. For HRM, this means that performance evalutions must be objective and job related. That is, they must be reliable and valid! Furthermore, under the Americans with Disabilities Act, performance appraisals must also be able to measure reasonable performance success. To assist in these matters, two factors arise: (i) The performance appraisal must be conducted according to some established intervals; and (ii) appraisers must be trained in the process. 7.2- The Appraisal Process is shown in the following figure: 8.1-Compensasion: 1. Rewards are the final link in the motivation model. After the effort has been expended, successful performance happens, and organizational goals are achieved, individuals are now ready to have their particular goals met. These goals, or rewards, can come in a variety of types. 2. Rewards can be classified as (1) intrinsic or extrinsic, (2) financial or non financial, or (3) performance-based or membership-based. 3. Some rewards are membership-based because one receives them for simply belonging to the organization. Employee benefits are an example of membership-based rewards, in that -every employee gels them irrespective of performance levels. 4. Compensation administration seeks to design a cost-effective pay structure that will not only attract, motivate, and retain competent employees, but also be perceived as fair by these employees. 5. Job evaluation systematically determines the value of each job in relation to all jobs within the organization. The four basic approaches to job evaluations are: (1) the ordering method, (2) the classification method, (3) the factor comparison method, and (4) the point method. 6. The final wage structure evokes from job evaluation input, wage survey data, and the creation of wage grades. 7.Competency-based compensation views employees as a competitive advantage; †¢! the organization. Compensation systems are established in terms of the knowledge and skills employees possess, and the behaviors that they demonstrate. Possession of these three factors is evaluated and compensated according to a broad-banded salary range established by the organization. 8. Executive compensation is higher than that of rank-and-file personnel and also includes other financial and non financial benefits not otherwise available to operative employees. This is done to attract, retain, and motivate executives to higher performance levels. 9. The balance sheet approach to international compensation -takes into account base pay, differentials, incentives, and assistance programs. Most of the types of employee rewords Garments Companies pay system do not follow the Human resources practice. The is no actual pay scale at level. The Windy apparels limited pay workers at Tk. 1650. The other employees are paid its manual system or contractual basis. Sometimes the worker is paid on production basis. The more the production the more compensation is paid. 8.3- Services and benefits: When an organization is designing its overall compensation program, one of the critical areas of concern is what benefits should be provided. Today’s workers expect more than just an hourly wage or a salary from their employer they want additional considerations that will enrich their lives. These considerations in an employment setting are call called employee benefits. Windy Apparels give some opportunities to the employees. There is PF social security, can unemployment compensation if gives only- i) Health insurance ii) Disability benefit iii) Bonus it gives twice yearly bonus to celebrate festival. This are discussed bellow: . [pic] Disability benefit: Programs are designed to ensure income replacement for employees in the event of a temporary or permanent disability arising from an injury or extended illness (typically originating off the job). iii) Bonus: It gives twice yearly bonus to celebrate festival. iv) Profit sharing bonus: Windy Apparels gives sometimes employees profit sharing bonus. When it earns a certain amount of profit it gives there a certain portion of profit which encourages employees to work more effectively. 8.4- Safety and health program: †¢ Involve management and employees in the development of a safety and health plan. If neither group can see the usefulness, and the benefit at /such a plan, even the best plan will fail. †¢ Hold someone accountable for implementing the plan. Plans do not work by themselves. They need someone to champion the cause. This person must be given the resources to put the plan in place, but also must be Aicld accountable for what it’s intended to accomplish. †¢ Determine the Safety and Health Requirements for Your Work Site. Just as each individual is different, so, too, is each workplace. Understanding the specific needs of the facility will aid in determining what safety and requirement will be necessary. †¢ Assess what workplace hazards exist in the facility. Identify the potent! a. health and safety problems that may exist on the job. By understanding what exists, preventive measures can be determined. †¢ Correct hazards that exist. If certain hazards were identified in the investigation in the assessment, fix or eliminate them. This may mean decreasing the effect of the hazard, or controlling it through other means (protective clothing). †¢ Train employees in safety end health techniques. Make safety and health training mandatory for all employees. Employees should be instructed how to do their jobs in the safest manner, and understand that any pro ‘tective eqir merit provided must be used. †¢ Develop the mind-set in employees that the organization is to be kept has and free. Often employees are the first to witness problems. Establish i means for them to report their findings, including having emergency pr3 educes in place, if necessary. Ensuring that preventive maintenance a impend follows a recommended schedule can also prevent the breakdowns from becoming a hazard. †¢ Continuously update and refine the safety and health program. Once the program has b een implemented, it must continuously be evaluated, am necessary changes must be made. Documenting the progress of the pro gram is necessary for use in this analysis. 9.1- Disciplinary action: The term discipline refers to a condition in the organization where employers conduct themselves in accordance with the organizations rules and standards of acceptable behavior. For the most part employees discipline themselves by conforming to what is considered proper behavior because they believe it is the reasonable thing to do. Once they are made aware of what is expected of them, and assuming they find these standards or rules to be reasonable, the seek to meet those expectations. 9.2- Factors to consider when discipline: †¢ Seriousness of problem †¢ Duration of the problem †¢ Frequents and nature of the problem †¢ Extenuating factors †¢ Degree of socialization †¢ History of the organizations discipline practices †¢ Management Backing 9.3- Function of Disciplinary Actions: Written verbal Warning: The mildest form of discipline is the written verbal warning. Yes, the term is correct. A written verbal warning is a temporary record of a reprimand that is then placed in the manager’s file on the employee. This written verbal warning should state the purpose, date, and outcome of the interview with the employee. Written Warning: The second step in the progressive discipline process is the written warning. In effect, it is the first formal stage of the disciplinary procedure. This is because the written warning becomes part of the employee’s official personnel file. This is achieved by not only giving the warning to the employee but sending a copy to HRM to be inserted in the employees permanent record. Suspension: A suspension or layoff would be the next disciplinary step, usually taken only if the prior steps have been implemented without the desired outcome. Exceptions-where suspension is given without any prior verbal or written warning occasionally occur if the infraction is of a serious nature. A suspension may be for one day or several weeks; disciplinary layoffs in excess of a month are rare. Employee welfare and benefit policy: ââ€" ¡ Gratuity: All regular employees who have experience of at least 7 Years are entitled to gratuity. As per service rules, an eligible employee gets a gratuity an amount equal to his/her two month’s basic pay for each year service ââ€" ¡ Provident fund: Each member contributes to the provident fund a sum equal to 10% of the basic salary payable to him / her per month and such percentage is deducted by the company from the salary of employee at the time of payment there of. The company contributes to the fund a monthly sum equal to 10% of the basic pay of each employee. ââ€" ¡ Group Insurance Policy: windy apperals Ltd. Have a fund named Employees Social Security Superannuation Fund that provides insurance to the employee on his/her family in case of death, disability or disease. Besides, there is another group insurance type arrangement her to take care of the employees house building investment. There is another fund called Employees House Building Investment Safety Scheme. ââ€" ¡ Other Benefits: As per the service rules an employee after fulfilling same criteria can enjoy car facilities from the company Car taking investment facilities from the bank whereas top SOWT Analysis of Human Resource Division of windy apparels Limited 5.1 Strengths Open HR Manual Empowered Work Force: Information Technology: Employee Evaluation: 5.2 Weaknesses Job Description HR Accounting Compensation and Benefits 6.3 Opportunities Management Information System. Human Resources Information System: Research and Development: Salary Survey Training andDevelopmen 5.4 Threats Comp and etitive Salary Turnover and Comp Turnover and etitive Salary Turnover and etitive Salary Turnover: New/Multinational Companies/ My Position & Duties I was assigned for my doing Internship in windy apperals ltd limited for the period of 120 days starting from 1STOCT, 2010 to 31st JAN, 2011,Rajendrapur Branch. In internship period I had no specific place. So I had no fixed duties in the organization. I worked under a Manager of Rajendrapur branch and I observed his different types of activities. The working environment place of windy apperals Limited is very much friendly. Every personnel of the HR Division was very much busy but they always tried to help me from their experience. In this organization there are three HRD functions. Those are Acquisition function of HDR, Motivation Function of HRD, Maintenance function of HRD. Human Resource Planning is the process by which an organization ensures that it has the right number and kinds of people, at right place, at right time capable of effectively and efficiently completing those tasks that will help the organization achieve its overall objectives. Windy apperals ltd. works for the development of its executives or potential executives in order to enable them to be more effective in performing the various functions of activities. Findings of the Study †¢ The HRD system of windy apperals Ltd is not skilled enough and does not follow latest technology. †¢ In HR Division, there is the huge lack of development activity. The employee joining windy apperals should be taken under a cordial orientation program which is absent. †¢ Proper training is very important issue for the employees of Financials organization. In windy apperals proper training need requirement is not justified rather done by the employee’s personal interest. †¢ Employee’s code of conduct or service manual is governed solely by the service quality unit. But there should be a coordination of HRD to measure the perfect evaluation of the employees’ performance. 10.1 Recommendation: From the above discussion we can recommend the following things †¢ Establishment and Enforcement of Garment Policy. †¢ Govt. should ease its regulation towards RMG sector. †¢ Fiscal financial incentives such as decrease in bank interest rate. †¢ Tax rate should be reduced in this sector. †¢ Derestriction Of foreign remittance flows that financed this sector. 10.2 Conclusion: HRM is the assenical for the RMG sector. It’s the following for hole industry. Administration is one of the important departments in the company to implement the policies, rules and regulation It’s the controlling for RMG sector. Reference: 1. www.hrm sector.com 2. Data collect from RMG financial statement. 3. Daily Star 4. Financial Express 5. New Age Business Questionnaires for Customers Instruction (Request to respondents) âž ¢ Please supply the truth information âž ¢ Please try to answer all the question âž ¢ Please tick the create answar 1. Do you think that WINDY APPARELS LIMITED is the largest garments manufacturer in Bangladesh? †¢ Yes †¢ No 2. Do you think that the reputation of windy apparels ltd is good in the world market? †¢ Yes †¢ No 3. Do you think that windy apparels ltd is more reliable than others in Bangladesh? †¢ Yes †¢ No 4. Do you think that the top management of windy apparels ltd is very sincere for any recovery of service? †¢ Yes †¢ No 5. Are you pleased with their management? †¢ yes †¢ No 6. Are you pleased with their working procedures? †¢ Yes †¢ No 7. Are you pleased with their hospitability? †¢ Yes †¢ No 8. Are you pleased with their sample development proceedings? †¢ Yes †¢ No 9. Are they offering you any design, which is developed in their own research center? †¢ Yes †¢ No 10. Are you interested to their design offered? †¢ Yes †¢ No 11. Are you satisfied with their product quality? †¢ Yes †¢ No 12. Do you think that their production capacity is sufficient? †¢ Yes †¢ No 13. Are you satisfied with their Compliance department? †¢ Yes †¢ No 14. Do you think that factory-working environment is international standard? †¢ Yes †¢ No 15. Is their technology updated? †¢ Yes †¢ No 16. Are you happy with the existing training programs of windy apparels ltd? †¢ Yes †¢ No 17.Do you enjoy working in this section? †¢ Yes †¢ No 18.In which area of operation of windy apparels ltd. you are responsible for? †¢ Production †¢ Quality Assurance †¢ HR/Admin 19. What do you think what could be done to minimize these problems? †¢ Training †¢ Motivation †¢ Monitoring 20.Do you think training can help you to improve your performance? †¢ Yes †¢ No [pic] ———————– Manger commercial Trainee Junior Executive Executive Assistant Manager Manager Manger Accounts Executive Commercial Commercial Manager Executive Marketing Assistant Manager Marketing Manager Maintenance Personnel Production Personnel Production Manager Finance Director Operative Director Managing Directors Carrier opportunity A leading Garment invites application from committed, bright, energetic candidates for the following positions. Name of Post: (1) Production Manager Candidates Eligibility: 6 to 10 years experience in a reputed garment factory in production, Highly experience, highly professional, possessing good health and prepare to work under pressure should only apply for the post. Good communication in English and good computer knowledge. (2). Quality Assurance Manager/ Sample Manager: Sample Manager will have to ensure all samples are related to job. Technical knowledge regarding Pattern and sewing operation. Application with cv, 2 recent passport size photographs and photocopies of all experience certificates is to be sent to the following address on of before April 30, 2008. Abobi Fashion Ltd. Road-30, Hemayetpur, Dhaka Reject Applicant Permanent job offer Medical, physical examination, if required conditional job offer Background information required Initial screening Complete application Employment test Comprehensive interview Conditional job offer Chairman Establish performance standard with employees Mutually set reasonable goals Measure actual performance Measure actual performance Compare actual performance with standard Discuss the appraisal with employee If necessary, initiate corrective action

A Whole New World

This week I attended a one-time screening for a movie called Derby Baby. It was a documentary film on women who play roller derby. It was a small screening in a town called Wilmette. Over the past year I have been introduced to the culture and world of roller derby by my girlfriend. I have been able to experience many different events related to the culture, but this movie brought a different life to the culture of roller derby. I never looked at the sport or hobby as a culture but have realized what a culture it is for many people. The clothing that is worn, the love, the passion, the life, the commitment; these are all so different that my lifestyle. People who love roller derby commit their lives to it, their free time; their friends are all in roller derby or volunteer. The sport is volunteer ran, the games, the practices, the players, no one is paid for what they do. Not many cultures of sports are like this, which makes them very unique. I used to find myself judging the people in roller derby, assuming they were all outgoing and spontaneous people, but over the past year and from this movie I have learned it is an outlet for many. It is a place where quiet people can bring out a different side of them and a place where the outgoing can be more crazy and exciting. Roller derby is not just a game for entertainment; it is a way of life for many. The level of commitment depends on the individual. A player not only plays but volunteers, joins a committee within the league, coaches, trains, parties, they do it all. You can also have a love for derby and not play; you can be a referee or a fan who is highly involved. The possibilities are never ending. It is a passion that many do not know about, like many other cultures it is waiting to be found. A whole new world The world has gone far from what it was a century ago. As the world grows old, things on it, around it, and under it have changed considerably; many were even replaced by new ones.   As time goes on, man has invented and innovated much on four major human activity sectors: industry, energy, transportation and agriculture. (B Goldstein, 2002)Humans have been blinded by the dramatic changes and improvements on their ways of living brought about by technological advancements, industrialization and the transformation of almost everything in this whole new world For all of these, man has sacrificed his most precious wealth: his health. If we are to unveil the mask of this whole new world, we will see that what we actually have is a set of whole new pollutants- the gravest threat to human health.In the two independent studies conducted in California relative to the health hazards of exposure to the soot in diesel emissions, researchers has released alarming result figures. In 2005 half a million of work and school absences, and at least 1,100 premature deaths were caused by breathing emissions from old diesel equipment. (Union of Concerned Scientists) So this is our prize for desiring to have this whole new world a highly industrialized one. The birth of high rise buildings, the construction of hospitals and transportation facilities, comes the birth of soot. Soot particles come directly from the tailpipe of engines and contribute to the unhealthy levels of particulate matter (PM) (UCS p.20).The fine particulate matter â€Å"lodges like tiny razor blades deep in human lungs† according to Kevin Hamilton, who have led one of the two studies in California. Particulate pollution as Don Anair of the Union of Concerned scientists puts it is a â€Å"silent killer†. What the world gets from industrialization are heart diseases, asthma and cancer. The compensation of development is hundreds of different chemicals from the diesel soot: sulfates, ammonium, nitra tes, elemental carbon, condensed organic compound, carcinogenic compounds, arsenic, selenium cadmium and zinc. If one thinks that he can get rid of this pollution by going out of the city, he is wrong. The study even found out 2that soot particles is present at the South Pole.Suggestions as to solving this problem include basically replacing the old equipment with new ones. The sad thing about this is that most of these equipment last for 20 to 30 years. That would mean humans still have to have themselves exposed to this pollution for two to three decades before they will be replaced with less-emitting machines. Taking this fact: 3for every additional 10 micrograms of soot in a cubic meter of air is equivalent to 4.5% increase in heart attacks, how many lives will still be sacrificed in three decades? Being also a cancer-causing agent, soot pollution is not supposed to be taken for granted.  The California Air Resources Board reported that soot is responsible for 70% of the risk of cancer from airborne toxics. No one is safe and exempted from the deadly effects of diesel pollution, especially those who are living in soot-polluted areas like California. In fact, the 26% increase in mortality rate in such areas is attributed to soot-pollution.One does not have to be an environmentalist in order to know what is actually going on with the air we all breathe. We do not have to be scientifically inclined in order to understand what these research studies figures are all about. We just have to have a little concern of the future, especially the lives of the children who have no chance of altering their future. Their only choice, if it is a choice, is to live in the world where their parents brought them up: a polluted world brought about by industrialization. I am not against development, nor am I against industrialization. I am against the carelessness of the proponents of this development who obviously have overlooked the long term health effects of these proces ses.There is no escape to industrialization- the world, being governed by the laws of the material-driven humans, is inclined to be there. What has been done can no more be undone, and that is the sad truth. But there is a means of deterring the worst scenario: laws that will regulate the further use of soot-emitting engines or equipment.The government has to genuinely work hard to ensuring the safety of their people, as they are expected to do so. The human health and the environment can no more wait. The best time to act is now. The chance of this growing old world of getting a better place to live in is declining. We can no more turn back time, what has been lost is lost forever. Let us not lose what we still have today.WORKS CITEDWilson, Janet. â€Å"The Dire Health Effects of Pollution Reported.† The Los Angeles Times. December 05, 2006. Retrieved from http://www.topix.net/content/trb/3412963485317685650330925717330288178910 on February 20, 2007Environmental Health Persp ectives. â€Å"Seeing Through the Soot†. Retrieved from http://www.ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/2002/110-8/innovations.html on February 20, 2007 Union of Concerned Scientists. â€Å"Clean Vehicles. Diesel Pollution Primer†. Retrieved from http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/big_rig_cleanup/life-of-soot-diesel-pollution-emissions-and-health.html on February 20, 2007 Goldstein, Bernardo (2002). â€Å"Pollution Health Article†. Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health. The Gale Group, Inc. Macmillan Reference USA. New York. Retrieved from http://www.healthline.com/galecontent/pollution on February 20,2007

Uphill Battle In Congress

Uphill Battle In Congress 1) History of Wish List: WISH stands for Women In the House and Senate. This name is a misnomer because the group only endorses Republicans and is very active in contributing to state gubernatorial and legislative campaigns. Founded in 1992, WISH was created specifically to fund Pro-Choice Republican women. WISH's claim is that their group is the first PAC to exclusively fund Republican women. The model for WISH was taken directly from the powerful Democratic Pro-Choice women's group, EMILY's List. WISH is firm in its stance that it will only contribute to specific candidates and not parties. The WISH List is led by for Congresswoman from New York, Patricia Goldman. Goldman is a long-time Republican and feminist leader. She was Executive Director of the House Wednesday Group, a collection of moderate Republicans, and was an active supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment. WISH is commonly known around Washington as one of the faster growing PAC's in America.House on Hamilton HillBy 19 96, the WISH List was already raising 1 million dollars annually for their chosen candidates. WISH has successfully endorsed candidates like New Jersey governor Cristine Todd Whitman and Texas Senator Kay Bailey Hutchinson. Currently, of the 19 female Congressional Republicans in office, 12 are endorsed and funded by the WISH List.2) WISH List's organizational structure: In 1995 Wish list moved from a small office in New Jersey to the Nations capitol Washington D.C. Today it has a president, an executive director, and a board of directors to run the operation. Candidates must ask WISH List to support them, they don't just offer, and they then send a questionnaire for that person to fill out. This lobby also has review committees that decide whether or not to fund or even endorse a candidate and if the committee is split the whole...

A Short History of the Ball of Goo Called Silly Putty

A Short History of the Ball of Goo Called Silly Putty Silly Putty, one of the most popular toys of the 20th century, was invented accidentally. Find out what a war, an indebted advertising consultant, and a ball of goo have in common. Rationing Rubber One of the most important resources needed for World War II war production was rubber. It was essential for tires (which kept the trucks moving) and boots (which kept the soldiers moving). It was also important for gas masks, life rafts, and even bombers. Beginning early in the war, the Japanese attacked many of the rubber-producing countries in Asia, drastically affecting the supply route. To conserve rubber, civilians in the United States were asked to donate old rubber tires, rubber raincoats, rubber boots, and anything else that consisted at least in part of rubber. Rations were placed on gasoline to hinder people from driving their cars. Propaganda posters instructed people in the importance of carpooling and showed them how to care for their household rubber products so they would last the duration of the war. Inventing a Synthetic Rubber Even with this home-front effort, the rubber shortage threatened war production. The government decided to ask U.S. companies to invent a synthetic rubber that had similar properties but that could be made with non-restricted ingredients. In 1943, engineer James Wright was attempting to discover a synthetic rubber while working in General Electrics laboratory in New Haven, Connecticut when he discovered something unusual. In a test tube, Wright had combined boric acid and silicone oil, producing an interesting gob of goo. Wright conducted a multitude of tests on the substance and discovered it could bounce when dropped, stretch farther than regular rubber, didnt collect mold, and had a very high melting temperature. Unfortunately, though it was a fascinating substance, it didnt contain the properties needed to replace rubber. Still, Wright assumed there had to be some practical use for the interesting putty. Unable to come up with an idea himself, Wright sent samples of the putty to scientists around the world. However, none of them found a use for the substance either. An Entertaining Substance Though perhaps not practical, the substance continued to be entertaining. The nutty putty began to be passed around to family and friends and even taken to parties to be dropped, stretched, and molded to the delight of many. In 1949, the ball of goo found its way to Ruth Fallgatter, an owner of a toy store who regularly produced a catalog of toys. Advertising consultant Peter Hodgson convinced Fallgatter to place globs of the goo in plastic cases and add it to her catalog. Selling for $2 each, the bouncing putty outsold everything else in the catalog except for a set of 50-cent Crayola crayons. After a year of strong sales, Fallgatter decided to drop the bouncing putty from her catalog. The Goo Becomes Silly Putty Hodgson saw an opportunity. Already $12,000 in debt, Hodgson borrowed another $147 and bought a large quantity of the putty in 1950. He then had Yale students separate the putty into one-ounce balls and place them inside red plastic eggs. Since bouncing putty didnt describe all of the puttys unusual and entertaining attributes, Hodgson thought hard about what to call the substance. After much contemplation and numerous options suggested, he decided to name the goo Silly Putty and to sell each egg for $1. In February 1950, Hodgson took Silly Putty to the International Toy Fair in New York, but most people there did not see the potential for the new toy. Luckily, Hodgson did manage to get Silly Putty stocked at both Nieman-Marcus and Doubleday bookstores. A few months later, a reporter for The New Yorker stumbled across Silly Putty at a Doubleday bookstore and took home an egg. Fascinated, the writer wrote an article in the Talk of the Town section that appeared on August 26, 1950. Immediately, orders for Silly Putty started pouring in. Adults First, Then Children Silly Putty, marked as The Real Solid Liquid, was at first considered a novelty item (i.e. a toy for adults). However, by 1955 the market shifted and the toy became a huge success with children. Added to bouncing, stretching, and molding, kids could spend hours using the putty to copy images from comics and then distort the images by bending and stretching. In 1957, kids could watch Silly Putty T.V. commercials that were strategically placed during The Howdy Doody Show and Captain Kangaroo. From there, there was no end to the popularity of Silly Putty. Children continue to play with the simple gob of goo often referred to as the toy with one moving part. Did You Know... Did you know that astronauts on the 1968 Apollo 8 mission took Silly Putty with them to the moon?Did you know that the Smithsonian Institution included Silly Putty in its exhibit on the 1950s?Did you know that Binney Smith, the makers of Crayola, bought the rights to Silly Putty in 1977 (after Peter Hodgson passed away)?Did you know that you can no longer copy images onto Silly Putty from the comics because of the change in the inking process?Did you know that people did finally discover numerous practical uses for Silly Putty, including as a balance for a wobbly piece of furniture, lint remover, hole stopper, and a stress reliever?

Alexander the Great Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Alexander the Great - Research Paper Example By the time Alexander ascended to the throne of Macedonia, the main cities of Greece were already brought under the Macedonian rule and so Alexander came up with a strong and experienced military force in the land. At first, he established as the general of the Greece and then he ventured to expand the empire to the other side of the world. He started his expansion of the empire by attacking Asia Minor in 334 B.C. The ten years of expanding the empire, up to his death, marked as the craftsmanship of this Macedonian king. The whole Persia under Darius III came to be under Alexander the Great. The attack of Alexander in India (336 B.C.) witnessed the greatness of the emperor by giving the land to the earlier king. The near mutiny of his troops made him back to Macedon. The death of Alexander in 323 B.C. in Babylon witnessed the end of Macedonian dreams to conquer the remaining countries of the ancient world. BBC says, â€Å"Alexander led his army a further 11,000 miles, founding over 70 cities and creating an empire that stretched across three continents and covered around two million square miles† (BBC). All the places he conquered were put together in an ‘international network of trade and commerce’. The language and culture of the Greek spread across the conquered places and there was the interchange of the culture- the Greek and the conquered countries. This research gives a small description of the conquests of Alexander the great and tries to analyze how Alexander’s conquests affected the countries with Hellenistic attributes. So the paper takes the thesis statement, Alexander’s the great conquests affected the countries in many ways. Alexander’s Conquests It was after ascending into the throne of Macedon in 336 B.C., Alexander III took part with the desire of his father in expanding the territory of the country. His father, Philip II, had already made the Greek countries under Macedon through military and diplomatic measures. So he had already paved the way for his son to ride on. The new king Alexander at the age of 20 started his attempts to conquer the other countries. It was amazing for researchers to believe that Alexander could take control the major parts of the ancient world. His empire coved the countries like Egypt, Syria, Palestine, Armenia, Persia, Afghanistan and India of the ancient world. All those places that came on the way from Macedonia to India became under the control of Alexander the great. (See appendix 1) William J. Duiker and Jackson J. Spielvogol had given the brief account of Alexander’s invasion in their book, The Essential World History. It is stated in the book that, in the year 334 B.C. his army, consisting 37,000 men entered Asia Minor and soon the entire western half of the country came under Alexander. The attack of Alexander suddenly alarmed the Persian ruler, Darius III and he wanted to stop the movement of the Greek army. The battle of Issus was a fe arsome one between these two armies and finally the Greek became victorious. This success made him

Corporate strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Corporate strategy - Essay Example It is irrefutable that the brewing industry and its market in UK have significantly changed over the years. It should be noted that most of the common assumptions and preconceptions of manufacturers about their distribution channels and consumer preferences are now obsolete. Thus, Coors Brewers Ltd. (Coors) needs to institute a change of strategic directions in order to account for these important developments and trends. This report generally aims to identify the various future strategic options for Coors. The first section will conduct an environmental scanning which will examine the different changes in the market of the business organisation. Secondly, this report will briefly outline its recommendations on how Coors can further enhance its performance by using its strengths and core competence to take advantage of the opportunities in the UK market. These will be conducted through the use of strategic management tools specifically the Ansoff Matrix. The market for alcoholic drinks is a very important sector in the UK market. It should be noted that the brewery sector generates more revenue than the other large industries like clothing, motor vehicles, tobacco, and confectionary. However, there has been a decreasing trend in alcohol consumption within UK households. It also noted that the traditional beer consumption in public houses is now overshadowed by the increasing consumer preference to consume brewed products at home as this is perceived to be more socially acceptable. The major trends in the UK brewing industry are identified as follows: â€Å"there is a growing female and mixed group influence; going to a public house is a leisure activity; consumption is often driven by occasion and events in both on-and off-trade; premium beers are becoming an important sector; there is wide choice of outlets; and there is a wide choice of brands.† In addition, it should